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鼓励、支持大学毕业生自主创业,以创业带动就业既是政府部门的重要政策选择之一,也是大学生个人的现实选择。因此,深入探讨大学生的创业意向及其影响因素是非常有意义的。本研究应用对西安市不同类型和层次的9所高校中2010名大学毕业生的调查数据进行的分析表明:就整体而言,大学生的创业意向比较强烈;应用结构方程模型对大学生创业意向及其影响因素模型进行的检验表明,个体/心理因素、学校教育因素和社会环境因素对大学生创业意向具有不同程度的直接和间接影响,它们可以解释大学生创业意向方差的71%,说明这些因素对大学生创业意向具有很高的解释能力。基于这些研究结果,本研究提出了如下政策建议:第一,着力从一些相对薄弱的方面提升大学生的创业意向水平;第二,着力培育大学生有利于创业的个体/心理特质;第三,着力营造积极支持大学生创业的社会环境;第四,着力消除影响大学生创业的阻力;第五,着力强化学校教育在提升大学生创业意向上的作用;第六,着力发挥家庭对大学生创业意向的培养和支持功能。
Abstract：To encourage and support the university graduate self-employment,and encourage entrepreneurship to create more employment opportunities is one of the important policy choice of the government department,as well as the realistic choice of university students,so it's of great significance to further discussion on the entrepreneurial intentions and their influencing factors for university students.Based on a sample survey conducted on 2010 senior university students from 9 different types of universities in Xi'an,China,this paper analyzes the entrepreneurial intention level of university students and their influencing factors.Results show that;On the whole,entrepreneurial intentions for university students are relatively intensive.And by applying the structural equation model analysis method on the university students entrepreneurial intentions and their influencing factors model,the test shows that;the individual/psychological factors,the university education factors and the social environment factors have different degree of direct and indirect effects on entrepreneurial intentions for university students.In addition,the interpretation ability of the variance of entrepreneurial intentions for university students may be up to 71%(R2=0.71),that is to say,these factors on the university students entrepreneurial intentions have a very high explain ability.Based on the above research results,the following policy suggestions are put forward in this study:(1)The relatively weak links in entrepreneurial intentions of university students shall be improved and the corresponding entrepreneurial intention levels shall be prompted emphatically;(2) Those individual/psychological traits which are in favor of promoting development of entrepreneurial intentions of university students shall be cultivated emphatically;(3) More attentions shall be paid to creating the social environment for actively supporting entrepreneurship of university students;(4)More efforts shall be made to eliminate those obstacle factors influencing entrepreneurship of university students;(5) The university education shall be intensified emphatically for the effects on promotion of entrepreneurial intentions of university students;(6) The training and support functions of entrepreneurial intentions of university students shall be utilized emphatically.
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基本信息:
DOI：
中图分类号:G647.38
引用信息:
[1]陆根书,彭正霞.大学生的创业意向及其影响因素研究——基于西安9所高校大学生调查数据的分析[J].中国高等教育评论,2013,4(00):88-122.
基金信息:
2012年度教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(项目编号:12YJA880084); 西部和边疆地区项目(项目编号:12XJC880006); 2012年度陕西省哲学社会科学规划基金项目(项目编号:12N067)